India has emerged today, the second largest populated country of the world next to China. In 2001, India's population was estimated as 1027.0 millions an increase of 21.3% over 1991 population 844 M. Total males and females are 531.2 millions and 495.7 millions respectively. The sex ratio is 933 females to 1000 males as against 929 females over 1000 males in 1991.About 83% of the total population is Hindu. Other are Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain and others. Hindi the national language and English are both spoken throughout the country. Other languages spoken are Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Kannada, Kashmiri,Konkani, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit,Sindhi,Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
The Country as a whole comprises 28 states, 6 Union Territories and 1 National Capital Territory. Spread over an area of 3,287,263 sq. km.
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